How Many Recommendation Letters For College Do I Need

What number of Recommendation Letters For College Do I Need SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Universities request every unique number of suggestion letters. Every school sets its own strategy, so it's consistently a smart thought to twofold check each school on your rundown to ensure you see precisely what it needs. Regularly, universities need you to send a proposal letter from your guide. Moreover, they may request one, two, or, in uncommon cases, three letters from your instructors. This guide will go over the diverse guidelinesso you know what number of recommendationsto collectwhen applying to schools. To begin with, let’s go overthe various choices. What number of Recommendation Letters Do Schools Require? You may require somewhere in the range of zero to four letters of suggestions. As referenced over, most of universities need to see in any event an assessment from your school advocate. On this, numerous universities, particularly those choosing based on scholarly legitimacy, look for a couple of instructor suggestions. Barely any universities need to see three; for the most part, you’ll possibly need three recs if you’re applying to military school. To discover data on your particular schools of intrigue, you can look on their confirmations sites. In the event that you’re utilizing the Common Application, at that point your application ought to likewise be altered to each school and its desires. While this guide doesn’t spread each and every school in the US (there are thousands!), it will go over some well known schools and their proposal letter necessities. Let’s start with schools that have least necessities and stir our way up to the schools with the most. You're free for suggestion letters at these schools. Well known Schools with No Recommendation Requirement There are a few schools, including serious ones, that don’t require any suggestion letters whatsoever. A portion of these may have a general â€Å"no rec letter† strategy, yet at the same time encourage you to check with your specific division or program. Others may request that you send a suggestion letter later in the year. Some of you perusing this may inhale a murmur of help, while others might need to send a rec letter and be baffled. In the event that you fall into the last gathering, would it be advisable for you to send your letter(s) in any case? Once more, it’s consistently a smart thought to check your school’s site for data or call its confirmations office legitimately for its recommendation. A few schools will peruse your letters in the event that you need to send them, while others arerather inflexible about not sending any. Here are a couple of schools that, as a rule, don’t require proposal letters: Penn State University (except if determined by a program) College of California schools College of Minnesota College of Texas College of Washington Presently for the schools that require one letter of proposal - however just from your instructor. On the off chance that you're applying to any of the schools beneath, at that point an outing to your direction office is all together. Well known Schools that Require One Counselor Recommendationand No TeacherRecommendations These schools simply need to see an evaluationfrom your school guide. As should be obvious, the vast majority of these schools are available to you sending an instructor assessment in the event that you figure it will be useful to your application. School of William and Mary (instructor recommendationis discretionary) Georgia Institute of Technology (instructor assessment is suggested, however not required) James Madison University (instructor proposal is discretionary) College of Richmond In the event that you do choose to send an educator rec when it’s not required, ensure it’s a solid, significant letter that you feel will really support your appointment. A typical prerequisite of numerous multi year schools is one advisor proposal and one instructor suggestion. These next schools need you to send two letters of suggestion, as demonstrated by the diesmbodied drifting hand. Well known Schools that Require One Counselor and One Teacher Recommendation These schools need to seeoneletter each from your school advisor and an instructor. College of Delaware (one required, recommends that most candidates submit more than one letter) Georgia Tech Factories College NYU College of Maryland College of Massachusetts College of Virginia Wake Forest University More selectivecolleges will in general require an advisor letter of rec and two educator letters of proposal. Settle up with some famous schools with this necessity beneath. In case you're applying to any of the schools beneath, ideally you have three grinning instructors prepared to compose astonishing things about you! Famous Schools that Require One Counselor and Two Teacher Recommendations Since these schools are especially particular for scholarly capacity, it bodes well that they need to find out about you and your work as an understudy from two distinct educators. Amherst College Duke University Sarah Lawrence College Barnard College Emory University Scripps College Bates College Harvard University Skidmore College Boston College Harvey Mudd College Smith College Bowdoin College Haverford College Stanford University Earthy colored University Johns Hopkins University Swarthmore College Bryn Mawr College Juilliard School Syracuse University California Institute of Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Trinity College Case Western Reserve University Middlebury College Joined State Coast Guard Academy Colby College Mount Holyoke College College of Chicago Colgate University New England Conservatory of Music College of Pennsylvania Colorado College Oberlin College Vanderbilt University Columbia University Occidental College Washington and Lee University Connecticut College Pitzer College Wellesley College Cornell University Pomona College Wheaton College** Dartmouth College* Princeton University Williams College Davidson College* Reed College Yale University *Dartmouth and Davidson also require a friend suggestion with the two educator recommendations.**Wheaton requires one instructor rec and one peaceful rec Up until this point, you either had no way out in your recommender (similarly as with your instructor) or could simply pick one educator. Yet, with respect to the schools that require two letters, do they have any necessities about who precisely you request to suggest you? Rules for Your TwoTeacher Recommendations Regarding who you ask, universities normally solicit you to give a range from points of view, similar to one letter from a science or math instructor and one from a humanities or social examinations educator (this incorporates specialized schools like MIT and CalTech). The other basic approach is that the school surrenders the decision over to you. In practically any case, you ought to ask two instructors from center courses. On the off chance that you’re applying to a craftsmanship or execution school, as Juilliard or the New England Conservatory of Music, at that point one of your letters ought to be an aesthetic suggestion from a private studio instructor, conductor, mentor, or creative tutor. As you saw over, a chosen few schools, similar to Dartmouth, Davidson, and Wheaton, get explicit about extra friend or peaceful suggestions, yet these are certainly special cases. Since you have a feeling of the universities that need two instructor suggestions, investigate the not many that need three (FYI,they’re every single military school). Military Schools that Require One Counselor and Three Teacher Recommendations These schools additionally require an assignment from a Congressperson, which basically considers another suggestion, bringing the number required up to five! US Air Force Academy US Navy Academy (math, English educators and Blue Gold official) US Merchant Marine Academy US Military Academy (West Point) Above, we quickly addressed whether you ought to send a letter regardless of whether your school doesn’t require it. On a comparable note, would it be advisable for you to ever send an additional letter? Extra! Extra! Find out about me! Would you be able to Send Extra Recommendation Letters? Strategically, you ought to have the option to send an additional proposal letter by means of mail or doling out an extra recommender on your school application or Common Application. Numerous schools permit this alternative, however you ought to be mindful and ensure you comprehend your school's assessment about sending additional material. Each school has its own position on supplemental letters. On the off chance that your school permits it, you need to ensure an additional letter adds something generous to your application and originates from a legitimate source, similar to a network supervisoror otherworldly pioneer with whom you've worked intently. Another condition where an additional letter could be a smart thought is on the off chance that you go to an immense secondary school and haven't become acquainted with your educators or instructor well overall. Once more, make a point to find out about your school's approach. You would prefer not to play into the old confirmations saying, The thicker the document, the thicker the child. Admissions officials for the most part don't look affectionately on an excess of additional material. Instead of helping your application, unnecessary supplemental could simply wind up raising warnings about the quality of your bid. While exploring your universities' prerequisites is a basic initial phase in arranging your proposal letters, there are a few different variables that require your consideration. Peruse on for additional on social occasion suggestion letters, along withthe assets that canhelp you through the procedure. Disclose to me more. What Else Do You Need to Know About Recommendation Letters? Before you welcome your recommenders to present their letters on the web, you should be astute about who you

My father's song (Poem analysis) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

My dad's tune (Poem investigation) - Essay Example Their substance shows various types of father-child connections, however both are loaded up with extreme powers of profound devotion, while their structures and imagery recommend the cycle and beat of life that can be particular to each father and social gathering. Ortiz and Roethke both express exceptional dedications to their dad, which is average of the worship that young men feel for their dads, the fundamental plot of the sonnets and clear in the word usage that talk about their jobs. Ortiz recalls his dad and misses him horrendously. The plot of the sonnet discusses how he misses his dad, â€Å"His voice, the slight catch,/the profundity from his slim chest† (Ortiz 3-4). He misses him enough that his faculties are completely stirred, as though he can hear, see, and feel his dad. Having the sort of memory that turns out to be truly genuine connotes a son’s serious dedication to his dad. Moreover, Ortiz utilizes style that has rich symbolism that is normal of Native American language. The â€Å"tremble of emotion† (5) and his tune for his child are components of Native American character, where oral accounts are a piece of ordinary exercises shared through tunes and stories. The kid in Roethke’s sonnet likewise c ommunicates his solid love for his dad. He calls him â€Å"Papa,† a pet name, and he wouldn't fret that he returns home alcoholic and moves the three step dance with him, for he still â€Å"hung on† (Roethke 3) and clung to his shirt, as his Papa danced him generally to bed (Roethke 16). It doesn't make a difference if Papa’s custom is unreasonably harsh for the kid; he appreciates it at any rate and enjoys being the focal point of his father’s consideration. Lisa Jadwin underlines that the kid must be scared of his father’s smell, activities, and appearance, however it doesn't make a difference. She deciphers the plot of sonnet as one that â€Å"captures a portion of the major satisfaction a kid encounters when playing with a parent and accepting that guardians

Gore, Albert Arnold, Jr.

Gore, Albert Arnold, Jr. Gore, Albert Arnold, Jr., 1948â€", Vice President of the United States (1993â€"2001), b. Washington, D.C., grad. Harvard, 1969. After serving in the army in Vietnam and working as a reporter, he was elected (1976) to the U.S. House of Representatives from Tennessee as a Democrat. In the Senate (1985â€"93), Gore emerged as a defender of environmental causes and an authority on nuclear arms control; his concerns for the environment were spelled out in his book Earth in the Balance (1992). In 1988 he was unsuccessful in his bid for the Democratic presidential nomination, but, in 1992, Bill Clinton chose him as his running mate. As vice president, Gore formulated policy for reducing the cost and size of the federal government and was an advocate for the Internet and for environmental protection. In 1996, Clinton and Gore were reelected. Gore immediately was regarded as the leading candidate for his party's 2000 presidential nomination; he began actively campaigning in 1999 and wo n a majority of the Democratic delegates early in 2000. Gore chose Connecticut senator Joseph Lieberman as his running mate. Despite winning the popular vote, the Democratic ticket lost to Republicans George W. Bush and Dick Cheney . Gore's campaign was hurt by the Green party candidate, Ralph Nader , and the extremely narrow loss of Florida's electoral votes. Gore sought manual recounts of computer punch card ballots from heavily Democratic Florida counties, but ultimately lost (Dec. 12) in the Supreme Court, which split 5â€"4 along ideological lines. Subsequent studies of the ballots by newspapers indicated (2001) that the outcome of the election in Florida depended on the method used to recount the ballots and on the counties whose votes were recounted. The legal, political, and media battles fought over the election, as well as the delay in finalizing the results, made the 2000 presidential vote the most contentious since the Hayes-Tilden election in 1876. Soon after the election, Gore began teaching journalism at Columbia. In 2005 he cofounded Current TV, a news and features network whose programming was created in part by viewers; the network, which had limited success, was sold in 2013. Gore also renewed his work on behalf of the environment, which crested in 2006 with his book An Inconvenient Truth and a documentary of the same name (Academy Award, 2007); both deal with the perils of global warming . In 2007 he shared the Nobel Peace Prize with the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for their efforts to alert people to the threats posed by climate change caused by human activity and for their work in helping to disseminate information on possible solutions. Later that year he became a partner in a private equity firm with strong interests in green technology. In 2008 he received the $1 million Dan David Present Prize for his environmental work. His other books are The Assault on Reason (2006), an analysis of the fai lures of the United States as a participatory democracy, and The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change (2013), a discussion of factors that are changing the contemporary world. Gore is the son of Albert Arnold Gore, Sr., 1907â€"98, a politician and Democratic senator from Tennessee (1953â€"71). See biography of the son by B. Turque (2000); H. Gillman, The Votes That Counted: How the Court Decided the 2000 Presidential Election (2001); Washington Post political staff, Deadlock: The Inside Story of America's Closest Election (2001). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

Ducharse Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, Examples

Interest Rate And Demand Of Share Price Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2826 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? The Bangladeshi stock markets are impulsive for nurture original investment in stock market. Wholly, usual in DSE, there is no theory which we can apply efficiently to prove truthiness. Actually The market which is absolutely not really well-organized in terms of comparative information, and so that is one of the reason government control is no longer affected by these determinants. Due to inefficient market, the study may provide plenty of evidence that determinants of stock price have a little effect on share price. But investors are so many positive to some determinants that are most powerful and positive indicators in regard to profit from share market. However, investors, portfolios managers, and companies in our country are becoming aware of information. As the Bangladesh stock market is an emerging market, further studies need to be conducted to gain a better understanding of the market behavior and assist investors, portfolios managers, and companies to ma ke rational decisions. Research in this area should include market efficiency, reaction to the announcement of events, P/E ratio and stock market returns, and the impact on Bangladesh stock market prices of regional and international stock markets. The result of the study reinforce that many factors have relationships, both positive and negative with share market. The study is not error free for selecting variables but it includes a set of determinants that are important. The study reveal that some qualitative factors namely, company goodwill; market sentiments; company announcements; AGM; unpredicted circumstances; analysts report; technical influence; print and electronic media; hype; change in government policy; international situation; political turmoil as well as some quantitative factors like, dividend; market capital; price/salary ratio; EPS; net income; return on investment; retained earnings; merger; stock split; margin loan; demand supply of stock; inflation; interest rat es; exchange rates affect the stock price. This study also finds that price earnings ratio; stock price rumor; demand for the share; changes in government policies; economic circumstances are the most influential internal; external; economical; political; and ecological factors respectively regarding stock price. This paper also reveals liquidity, leverage, profitability, size of the firm, and dividend influence stock price, whereas growth has positive influence on stock price. It is also found that 65.0% of the variation in stock price is explained by cash flows, leverage, profitability, growth, market capitalization, and dividend. WANG Lijuan, XU Ye(2002) Indicate that interest rate and demand of share price they are talking about what factor would be helpful or give a way to witch investment from stock market to Bank mainly I have been get some analysis regarding to this articles well, in this paper, he used statistics from the Peoples Republic Chinas Statistical association, the Peoples Bank of China and China Securities rigid Commission, use Shanghai compound Index (SCI)as the dependent variable, choose macroeconomic indexes that can affect SCI, use SPSS for regression analysis of data and the organization of regression model, examine factors that have an effect on the change of Chinas stock prices, and the result show that exchange rates, interest rates, macroeconomic prosperity index, consumers self-assurance index and the corporate goods price index are the main factors. Price is mostly precious by the exchange rate, interest rate, macroeconomic prosperity index, consumers confidence index and corporate merchandise price index. Stock price is the result of a lot of factors and it change all the time. apart from for the five main factors, its also exaggerated by GDP, economic cycle, equilibrium of international trade payments and others, only that their collision is not as vast as that of the earlier five elements. Chinas stock marketplace has just b egun and is still a new market. even though in new years it has progressed swiftly, it still has many shortcoming, which requirements study and the making of related strategies to lead it towards a optimistic growth, so as to inspire the development of financial market and Chinas economic success. When making applicable strategies, officials require considering the impact of a variety of factors, so that they can make right and effective procedures. Keith Sill (2002) Indicate that interest rate and demand of share price they are talking about what factor would be helpful or give a way to witch investment from stock market to Bank so for the purpose this article define that particularly describe Peso problems can occur when people allocate a helpful probability to actions that might come about but that are not well-represented in historical data. Because asset prices exemplify the financial markets apparent probability about likely future principles of economic variables, they are particularly receptive to peso problems. Peso problems do not mirror market breakdown or market ineffectiveness. Somewhat, peso problems replicate economic analysts difficulty in using history-cal data to correctly model peoples expectations about the future. While the peso problem most usually comes up when analyze foreign-exchange markets, he explained in his explanation that may affect any asset market where opportunity deter-mine prices. The principal result of the peso problem is that it makes it harder to suitably interpret the prediction of economic forecasts and asset-pricing models. Whether peso problems add to asset pricing anomaly is mainly an empirical issue. And as well he has discussed mechanisms by which peso problems can potentially have an effect on asset prices. The principal complexity in studying peso problems is how to model peoples outlook when the economic environment is unstable. Small changes in prospect can often lead to huge changes in peoples behavior an d, thus, in the behavior of economic variables such as asset prices. So due to this people will be thing about the transfer their investment automatically from store market to bank Mohd Zaini Abd Karim(2004) The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relevance of stock price and foreign opportunity cost variables to the money demand function in Malaysia using quarterly data over the period of 1982:1 to 1998:2 by employing recently developed econometric techniques of co integration and error correction modeling. To take into account the effect of Asian Financial Crisis in mid 1997 on the behavior of the demand for money in Malaysia, the sample period is divided into two sub-samples: 1982:1 to 1996:4 and 1982:1 to 1998:2. The results provide evidence that the crisis somewhat affect the behavior of the money demand. The results of the study also show that the real money balances, real income, moneys own rate of return, the rate of return of alternative assets, stock prices , expected exchange rate depreciation and foreign interest rate are cointe -grated suggesting the existence of a stable long run relationship among them in spite of the financial liberalization and innovation process that the Malaysian financial system has been experiencing. In addition, the results also indicate the dominance of wealth effect over substitution effect and the presence of currency substitution in Malaysia. In this paper, we use the robust time series tools in order to estimate Pakistans money demand function for the period 1971:1-2006:4.We find that there are four co- integrating vectors in money demand, interest rate, economic activity, inflation, stock prices and exchange rate. Important findings of this paper i.e. stock price have positively and statistically significant wealth effect and exchange rate insigni ficantly effect on money demand in the long run. But in the short run the inflation has negative and significant effect on money demand . The goal of this paper is to estimate the association between exchange rate, stock Prices and demand for money function in Pakistan for the peri od 1971:1 2006:4.We estimate the money demand function by using the robust co-integration tools. Th e JJ Co-integration result suggest that there are four co-integrating vectors in money demand, interest rate , economic activity, inflation, stock prices and exchange rate. Important findings of this paper are that stock pr ices positively and statistically significant and exchange rate insignificantly associ ated to money demand in the long run. But in the short run the inflation negatively and significantly effect on the money demand. The stock prices positively wealth on money demand in the long run. Hence an increase in stock prices is expected to dictate an easier monetary policy to prevent a gi ven nominal income or inflation target being undershot.,,,,,,,, Knowing about stimulus of stock indices is a key f or the future projection of stocks performance and in turn provide base for making and suggesting appropriate economic policies. The main objective of the study is to find different determinants of share prices and the relationship of these determinants with the share prices of Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) 100 index of Pakistan. After going through literature review 5 quantitative determinants, namely Book to Market (B/M) ratio, Price Earning (P/E) ratio, Dividend, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Interest Rate were selected to find out the direction and strength of relationship. A sample of 34 companies has been randomly selected from 34 sectors of KSE. Ten years (2000-2009) data has been collected for the sample companies. The tools used for analysis are Linear Multiple Regression and Correlation Model. It has been concluded that all the factors selected have positive and significant relationship with share prices except Interest rate and B/M ratio. The rise in GDP, dividend and P/E ratio leads to rise in share prices. B/M ratio and interest rate are negatively related to share prices. The hypothesis developed for GDP rate, Dividend per share, Interest rate, B/M ratio and P/E ratio are thus accepted. This paper examines whether stock prices and exchange rates are related to each other or not. Both the long-run and the short-run association between these variables are explored. The study uses monthly data on four South Asian countries, including Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Sri-Lanka, for the period January 1994 to December 2000. We employed cointegration, vector error correction modeling technique and standard Granger causality tests to examine the long-run and short-run association between stock prices and exchange rates. The results of this study show no short-run association between the said variables for all four countries. There is no long-run relationship between stock prices and exchange rates for Pakistan and India as well. However, for Bangladesh and Sri Lanka there appear to be a bi-directional causality between these two financial variables. Our results have implications for investors, policy makers and academicians. This paper examined the long-run and short-run association between stock prices and exchange rates for four South Asian countries for the period January 1994 to December 2000. We employed monthly data and applied cointegration, error correction modeling approach and standard Granger causality tests to examine the long run and short-run association. Our results show no long run and short-run association between stock prices and exchange rates for Pakistan and India. No short-run association was also found for Bangladesh and Sri-Lanka. However, there seem to be a bi-directional long-run causality between these variables for Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Our results suggest that in South Asian countries stock pri ces and exchange rates are unrelated (at least in the short-run), therefore, investors cannot use information obtained from one market (say stock market) to predict the behavior of other market. Moreover, authorities in these countries cannot use exchange rate as a policy tool to attract foreign portfolio investment; rather they should use some other means to do this (e.g., use interest rates, reduce political uncertainty, improve law and order situation, produce conducive investment climate etc.). The above results provide evidence against the portfolio balance models of exchange rates determination that postulate a uni-directional causation that runs from stock prices to exchange rates, neither do these results support the traditional models that hypothesized causation from exchange rates to stock prices. We, however, suggest that the significance of our results could possibly be improved upon by applying daily or weekly data. The use of more frequent observations may better capture the dynamics of stock and currency market interrelationships. Another possible extension is to employ the firm level data for these countries and examining the above relationship for those firms that are engaged in international trade (e.g., multinational firms) and for those firms that are not directly affected by exchange rates. The federal funds rate is an indicator of monetary policy that investors in the stock market scrutinize very closely. This paper determines the relationship between changes in the federal funds rate and sector stock indexes. The paper goes on to determine why particular sectors are more sensitive to interest rate changes than others. Weekly returns of the Dow Jones ICB classified financial, energy, utilities, materials, industrials, consumer goods, consumer services, information technology, healthcare and telecommunications sectors are analyzed using separate OLS regression models for eac h sector. The results show that the utilities, financials, telecom and basic materials sectors are the most interest rate sensitive in that order and that the relationship exhibited between the stock price and the federal funds rate is positive. I conclude by attributing the positive relationship to sector specific demand and supply effectsÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ This paper examines the long- run equilibrium relationships between the major stock indices of Singapore and the United States and selected macroeconomic variables by means of time series data for the period January 1982 to December 2002. The results of various cointegrat ion tests suggest that Singapores stock prices generally display a long- run equi librium relationship with interest rate and money supply (M1) but the same type of relationship does not hold for the United States. To capture the short-run dynamics of the evolving relationship bet ween stock indices and macroeconomic variables, we apply the same methodology for different subsets of data covering shorter time periods. It is found that before the Asian Crisis of 1997, stock markets in Singapore moved in tandem with interest rate and money supply, but this pattern was not observed after the crisis. In the United States, stock prices were strongly cointegrated with macroeconomic variables before the 1987 equity crisis but the relationship was impaired thereafter and eventually disappeared with the onset of 1997 Asian Crisis. Finally, the results of Granger causality tests uncover some systematic causal relationships implying that stock market performance might be a good gauge for Central Banks monetary policy adjustment. This study investigates the long run and short run relationships between the major stock indices of Singapore and the United States and some macroeconomic variables, like the measure of money supply, M1 and int erest rates by means of time series analysis for the period from January 1982 to December 2002. Our cointegration analysis suggest that changes in Singapores stock prices in general do form a long run equilibrium relationship with interest rate and M1 but the same does not apply to the case of the United States. We further divide the overall study period into three sub-periods for Singapore and United States data in order to focus on evolving relation between stock price indices and macroeconomic variables on different market conditions. It is found that before 1997 Asian financial crisis, stock markets in Singapore were cointegrated with interest rate and money supply. However this equilibrium was broken after the crisis. In the U.S. markets, stock prices were strongly cointegrated with macro-economic variables before 1987 equity crisis and the equilibrium was impaired after 1987 crisis and ultimately disappeared after 1997 Asian Crisis. Finally, th e results from the Grange r Causality tests seem to support the view that the level of the stock markets might be used by central bank as an indicator to adjust monetary policy. The cointegration and causality findings in our paper enable investors in their investment decision making in the US and Singapore stock markets. Investors could further enhance their investment by incorporating our results with the findings in other approaches, like technical analysis (Wong et al 2001, 2003). Another way to improve the decision making on stock markets is to include the fundamental analysis (Thompson and Wong 1991, Wong and Chan 2004) or to incorporate the stochastic dominance approach (Wong and Li 1999, and Wong et al 2004) or a study on the economic situation or financial anomalies (Manzur, et al 1999, Wan and Wong 2001, and Fong et al 2004). One could also apply advanced time series analysis (Wong and Miller 1990, Tiku et al 2000 and Wong and Bian 2004) or Bayesian estimation (Matsumura et al 1990 and Wong and Bian 2000) to improve the estimation. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ This paper investigates the existence of spillovers from stock prices onto consumption and the interest rate for South Africa using a time-varying vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model with stochastic volatility. In this regard, we estimate a three-variable TVP-VAR model comprising of real consumption growth rate, the nominal three-months Treasury bill rate and the growth rate of real stock prices. We find that the impact of a real stock price shocks on consumption is in general positive, with large and significant effects observed at the one-quarter ahead horizon. However, there is also evidence of significant negative spillovers from the stock market to consumption during the financial crisis, at both short and long-horizons. Monetary policy response to stock price shocks has been persistent, and strong especially post-the financial liberalization in 1985, but became weaker during the financial crisis. Overall, we provide evidence of significant time-varying spillovers on consumption and interest rate from the stock market. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Interest Rate And Demand Of Share Price Finance Essay" essay for you Create order

Plant #2 Free Essays

1) Using budget data, 176,087 iPhone 4’s must be completed on a monthly basis in order for Danshui Plant No. 2 to break even. The first step is to calculate the contribution margin which is equal to the budgeted revenue, $41,240,000, minus the variable costs, $40,412,000, which gives us a contribution margin of $828,000. We will write a custom essay sample on Plant #2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now If we divide this number by the number of units, 200,000, we find the contribution margin per unit to be $4. 14. Now, all we need are the fixed costs, which are budgeted as $729,000 per month. Plugging these values into the break-even point formula we find BEP=729,000/4. 14=176,087 units. ) Using budget data, the total expected cost per unit is $205. 70 and the actual cost per unit is $211. 94. Since manufacturing and shipping are both taken into account we need to focus on both variable and fixed costs. To find the total expected cost per unit we must add the budgeted variable costs, $40,411,000, and add them to the budgeted fixed costs, $729,000, and divide the sum of these numbers by 200,000 units. This gives the result of $205. 70 expected cost per unit. To find the actual cost per unit the process is the same except we use the data from the actual column in exhibit three. So we have the variable costs at $37,412,000, add the fixed costs of $736,000 to this number, then divide by the number of units, 180,000, and we find the actual total cost per unit to be $211. 94. 3) In order to prepare a flexible budget for 180,000 iPhone 4’s you can either use exhibit 1 and values and multiply them by the number of units, 180,000, or you can do what I did, which is take the values in the monthly budged section of exhibit 3 and multiply them by 9/10 which is the simplification of 180,000/200,000. Here are all the values I calculated: Revenue:$37,116,000 Flash Memory:$4,860,000 Application Process:$1,935,000 Chips-Phone:$2,529,000 Gyroscope:$468,000 8 Other Chips:$12,771,000 Total Variable Costs From Materials:$22,563,000 Variable Supplies and Tools Labor:$11,256,300 Assembly and Packing:$2,359,800 Shipping:$190,800 Total Variable Costs:$36,369,900 Factory Rent:$400,000 Machine Depreciation:$150,000 Utility Fee and Taxes:$52,000 Supervision:$127,000 Total Fixed Costs:$729,000 Total Costs:$37,098,900 Net Income:$17,100. The variance for each respective value (in order) is to be indicated by an H or L. H meaning that the actual value is higher than the flexible budget value, and L meaning that the actual value is lower than the flexible budget value. The variances are 0 units, $360,000H, $389,000H, 0, 0, 0, $128,000L, $261,000H, $48,700H, $732,200H, $200H, $1,042,100H, 0, 0, 0, $7,000H, $7,000H, $1,049,100H, $689,100L. How to cite Plant #2, Papers

How Might Prejudice Develop and How Might It Be Reduced free essay sample

A judgment or opinion made without adequate knowledge; to Prejudge, to pass judgement or form premature opinion. We can break the word prejudice down into two parts to give clearer understanding of its meaning, Pre is before and judice is to make judgement, so it is a negative preconceived judgement on an individual or group prior to seeking full knowledge or understanding about them. Prejudice effects many aspects of today’s society. Racism, sexism and homophobia are all examples of discrimination against a group that they may feel does not fit in to their norms in society. This can stretch further to prejudice against single parents, students, the elderly, the disabled, Goths, Emo’s, basically any group can be subjected to a form of prejudice. These negative preconceived ideas affect the way we treat people on a day to day basis. It is fair to say that most people would like to think they are tolerant of others and are not prejudice but it is unlikely that these people have no prejudice at all, it is inevitable that certain groups would not personally appeal to everyone and we may be drawn to other groups for company. We will write a custom essay sample on How Might Prejudice Develop and How Might It Be Reduced? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are three elements of prejudice. The cognitive element which are ideas about a particular group which form stereotypes. The affective element involves feelings in relation to a certain group, these feelings could include anger, disgust, intimidation or even hate. The behavioural element involves actions taken to express these feelings, for instance an individual may avoid a certain group or individual belonging to a group, they may become abusive either verbally or physically, in extreme circumstances this discrimination can lead to such atrocities as the Holocaust where millions of Jews were exterminated. The media has a massive impact on our opinions of others. It may not be that someone expressing prejudice has had direct contact or experience of a group or individual from a group but they may have formed opinions based on propaganda, parental influences, authoritative figures, peer pressure or ignorance. The social learning theory suggests that negative thoughts or prejudices are learnt from society, for example parents, friends or colleagues. We are not born with negative thoughts/ preconceived ideas for others therefore it must be a learnt ideation. Psychology gives two main approaches to describe the ‘prejudice’ phenomenon, with many psychologist contributing with studies regarding prejudice for example; The Robber’s cave, Sherif (1956). This looked at whether prejudice could be created within a group. Social Factors of prejudice suggests that prejudice is a result of group interaction. Sherif conducted an experiment in 1956 to promote the theory suggesting that â€Å"when groups interact with one another they will inevitably generate attitudes towards each other†. The Robbers Cave experiment took a group of carefully selected boys, with no known hostile attitudes towards each other, they split the group and introduced competition between the groups to observe the ‘natural and spontaneous development of group organisation and attitudes. ’ This is known as minimal group theory. Individual factors involved in prejudice theories suggests a â€Å"sick person model†, suggesting that prejudice is an individual occurrence relating back to unresolved childhood memories or trauma. Freud’s work with psycho-analysis on this was a major influence, that conflicts in ones childhood creates a damaged adult personality. Also theories of the authoritarian figure by Adorno et al (1950) brought the suggestion of projection of unresolved past (childhood) experiences onto minority group. The down side to this theory is that it does not explain group prejudice, it implies that prejudice is an individual process and isolated to having a sick personality. Reduction of prejudice is vital for social integration and acceptance. Prejudice has reduced over the years in many aspects, as we as a society become more acceptant of others prejudice should reduce, but there will always be a victimised group within society which is outcast. Homosexuals could not be openly gay twenty years ago but now it is seen as an acceptable part of society, although there is still animosity towards minority groups such as homosexuals they are not so widespread and outwardly visible. There are several ways of reducing prejudice within society on both an individual and social level. Ignorance has a massive impact on peoples thoughts and opinions of others as many of their opinions of others are uninformed and uneducated. Education is a vital part of reducing any kind of animosity. Schools, parents and other authoritarian figures can take an active role in educating young people about minority groups to encourage acceptance, cultural awareness within schools can be very beneficial in the acceptance process. Opinions of parents are a major influence on a children’s attitudes towards those who appear to be different to themselves, so education is not only appropriate for young people but re-education of old-school thoughts is a necessary action. Integration with other groups is very important to build understanding and empathy between cultures. Also communication is vital to encourage understanding and time to allow these things to take place, attitudes cannot change overnight. Encouraging the pursuit of common (superordinate) goals, can reduce divisions between groups, if mixed groups have a common goal to work towards they are more likely to pull together and put differences aside for the greater gain of the group. All these are options for aiding the reduction of prejudice but time, effort and desire on the part of everyone is required to achieve this reduction, but it is reasonable to say that even though prejudice can be reduced it will never be extinct; there will always be an element of prejudice within society.